Test Bank For Anatomy And Physiology From Science to Life, 2nd Edition by Jenkins, Gail

1.

A human cell placed in a 2% NaCl solution (a hypertonic solution) would:

A)

swell and lyse.

B)

have a low osmotic pressure compared to the solution.

C)

maintain its shape.

D)

maintain a very high hydrostatic pressure.

E)

exhibit no change.

2.

A red blood cell placed in distilled (pure) water (which is hypotonic) would:

A)

Swell and burst

B)

Shrink

C)

Swell, then shrink as equilibrium is reached

D)

Neither shrink nor swell

E)

Maintain a low hydrostatic pressure.

3.

A red blood cell placed in a hypotonic solution would:

A)

Crenate

B)

Swell, then crenate as equilibrium is reached

C)

Neither crenate nor swell

D)

Swell and lyse

E)

Have a low osmotic pressure compared to the solution.

4.

Which statement is the most correct regarding the processes of transcription and translation?

A)

The nucleotide sequence in an mRNA codon is an exact copy of the DNA triplet that coded for it, except that uracil replaces adenine.

B)

The nucleotide sequence in an mRNA codon is an exact copy of the DNA triplet that coded for it, except that uracil replaces thymine.

C)

The nucleotide sequence in an rRNA codon is an exact copy of the DNA triplet that coded for it, except that uracil replaces adenine.

D)

The nucleotide sequence in a tRNA anticodon is an exact copy of the DNA triplet that coded for it, except that uracil replaces adenine.

E)

The nucleotide sequence in a tRNA anticodon is an exact copy of the DNA triplet that coded for it except that uracil replaces thymine.

5.

If cells are placed in a hypotonic solution containing a solute to which the membrane is impermeable, what could happen?

A)

The cells would swell and cell lysis could occur.

B)

The cells would lose water and crenate.

C)

The cells would crenate at first, but then reach equilibrium with the surrounding solution.

D)

The cells would show no change.

E)

The cells would maintain a low hydrostatic pressure.

6.

Which of the following cells types would you expect to have an unusually high abundance of free ribosomes?

A)

Fibroblasts

B)

Osteoblasts

C)

Skeletal muscle cells

D)

Liver cells (which produce many of the proteins found in blood)

E)

Chondroblasts

7.

Which of the following is the major positive ion in the extracellular fluid?

A)

Potassium

B)

Sodium

C)

Magnesium

D)

Chloride

E)

Hydrogen

8.

__________ can be thought of as “cell eating” and is practiced frequently by white blood cells, which use it to neutralize bacteria, viruses, and dead or dying cells.

A)

Pinocytosis

B)

Exocytosis

C)

Phagocytosis

D)

Autolysis

E)

Hydrolysis

9.

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the sodium-potassium pump?

A)

It is a type of primary active transport antiporter.

B)

It changes conformation after being phosphorylated, and expels sodium from inside the cell.

C)

It relies on the hydrolysis of ATP in order to function.

D)

It imports three K for every 2 Na it exports from the cell.

E)

It releases its phosphate group after it binds to extracellular K .

10.

During __________ the chromosomal centromeres split and the chromosomes migrate to opposite ends of the cell.

A)

Metaphase

B)

Anaphase

C)

Telophase

D)

Prophase

E)

S phase